India's Energy Security and Import Dependence
India's energy security remains a critical strategic concern given its high dependence on imported crude oil and growing demand driven by industrialisation and urbanisation.
- India's crude oil import dependence stood at approximately 89% in March 2025, making it the world's third-largest oil importer and consumer.
- Top crude oil suppliers to India: Russia (18-22%), Iraq, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, and the United States (6-7%).
- India consumed approximately 5.7 million barrels per day (bpd) of oil in 2025.
- Strategic Petroleum Reserves (SPR): India maintains strategic reserves at three locations — Visakhapatnam (1.33 MMT), Mangaluru (1.5 MMT), and Padur (2.5 MMT) — totalling 5.33 MMT, providing roughly 9.5 days of import cover.
- India has planned Phase II of SPR at Chandikhol (Odisha) and Padur (expansion) to increase capacity to 12 MMT.
- The International Energy Agency (IEA) recommends 90 days of import cover, highlighting India's vulnerability.
- India is diversifying imports from newer suppliers including Brazil, Libya, Egypt, and Brunei, as per the Economic Survey 2025-26.
● Tracked since February 16, 2026 · last seen September 17, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
09 Sep '26
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31 Jul '26
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28 Jul '26
Red Sea Shipping Disruption Pushes India Toward More Russian Crude
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25 Jul '26
ONGC Spuds India's Deepwater Well in Mahanadi Basin Under Samudra Manthan Mission
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26 Jun '26
Iranian Crude Oil and Indian Refiners: Caution Despite Sanctions Waiver
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23 Jun '26
Strait of Hormuz Reopening: India's Energy Security and Supply Chain Relief
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19 Jun '26
India's Russian Oil Imports Hit All-Time High in June 2026 as Iranian Crude Return Looms
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08 Jun '26
India's Coal Gasification Push: Rs 4 Lakh Crore Investment Drive to Cut Import Dependency
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31 May '26
India's Coal Gasification Push: Syngas, High-Ash Challenges, and Import Substitution
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Plus 82 earlier mentions since February 16, 2026.
International Relations
Strait of Hormuz
International Relations
India's Strategic Petroleum Reserves (SPR)
International Relations
Freedom of Navigation and the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
Economy
Current Account Deficit (CAD)
Economy
Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme
International Relations
Strategic Autonomy
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