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International Relations GS 2 In the news 9 times

US-China Trade War

Lessons and Parallels

The US-China trade conflict, which escalated sharply from 2018 under Trump's first term, stems from grievances about China's industrial subsidies, intellectual property theft, forced technology transfer, and the massive US trade deficit with China (~$300 billion annually). The US argues it made a strategic mistake by granting China Most Favoured Nation (MFN) status in 2000 and supporting its WTO accession in 2001, which enabled China's manufacturing dominance while hollowing out US industrial capacity. The "China mistake" Landau references is this broader strategic concession.

Key details
  • US trade deficit with China: ~$300 billion annually at peak
  • China joined WTO in 2001 with US support; granted Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) in 2000
  • US imposed tariffs on ~$370 billion of Chinese goods during 2018-19 trade war
  • China's share of global manufacturing output rose from ~8% (2000) to ~30% (2023)
  • US manufacturing employment declined from 17 million (2000) to 12.5 million (2010)
  • The "decoupling" and "de-risking" strategies aim to reduce US dependence on Chinese supply chains
In the news

Tracked since March 06, 2026 · last seen May 19, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

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