← Concept Library · International Relations
International Relations GS 2 In the news 7 times

Strategic Autonomy

India's Foreign Policy Doctrine

India's doctrine of strategic autonomy evolved from the Nehruvian Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) of the Cold War era. While India is now deeply integrated with the US strategically (Quad, defence technology partnerships, BECA/LEMOA/COMCASA agreements), it retains the right to independent foreign policy positions — particularly on Russia (historical defence ties since Soviet era), Iran (energy and connectivity), and China (engagement despite border disputes). Strategic autonomy does not mean equidistance; it means India maximises its options and does not subordinate its interests to alliance logic.

Key details
  • Non-Aligned Movement: founded 1961 at Belgrade; India was a founding member; NAM has 120+ member states but is largely moribund as a practical force.
  • India's defence imports: historically ~60% from Russia; diversifying to US, France, Israel since 2010s; aim to indigenise under "Make in India" for defence.
  • Foundational defence agreements with the US: BECA (Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement, 2020), LEMOA (Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement, 2016), COMCASA (Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement, 2018).
  • Quad (Quadrilateral Security Dialogue): India, US, Japan, Australia — strategic grouping without formal treaty obligation.
  • India's UN voting on Ukraine war: India abstained rather than voting with the Western bloc on resolutions condemning Russia's invasion.
In the news

Tracked since February 13, 2026 · last seen August 30, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

Related concepts
See it in today’s brief. Daily current affairs with every static concept explained in place.
Read the daily brief