Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) Under the Paris Agreement
NDCs are central to the Paris Agreement's bottom-up architecture, where each country sets its own climate targets and progressively ratchets them up.
- The Paris Agreement (2015, COP21) requires all parties to submit NDCs every five years, with each successive NDC expected to be more ambitious (ratchet mechanism).
- India's first NDC (2016): Reduce emissions intensity of GDP by 33-35% by 2030 from 2005 levels; achieve 40% cumulative electric power from non-fossil sources by 2030.
- India's updated NDC (August 2022): Raise ambition to 50% cumulative electric power from non-fossil sources by 2030; reduce emissions intensity by 45% from 2005 levels by 2030.
- India is among the few G20 nations on track to meet its Paris commitments, having already crossed the 50% non-fossil threshold.
- India's per capita emissions remain well below the global average at approximately 1.9 tonnes CO2 compared to the global average of about 4.7 tonnes.
● Tracked since February 16, 2026 · last seen April 27, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
27 Apr '26
India's Updated Climate Targets: New NDC Submitted to UNFCCC for 2031–2035
Environment & Ecology
07 Apr '26
India's New Climate Targets for 2031–35: Scrutinising the Updated NDCs
Environment & Ecology
29 Mar '26
India's Updated NDC: 47% Emissions Intensity Cut and 60% Clean Power by 2035
Environment & Ecology
25 Mar '26
India's 2035 Climate Targets: Enhanced NDC Under the Paris Agreement
Environment & Ecology
International Relations
Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC)
International Relations
India's Renewable Energy Transition
Economy
India's Renewable Energy Targets and NDC Commitments
Economy
India's Energy Transition
International Relations
Emissions Intensity vs. Absolute Emissions Targets
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