Polity & Governance GS 2 In the news 11 times

AI Governance

Global Frameworks and India's Position

Artificial Intelligence governance has emerged as a critical domain of international policy. The military use of AI raises the most acute governance challenges.

Key details

Bletchley Declaration (2023): Signed by 28 countries including India and the US at the AI Safety Summit, UK — the first multilateral agreement on AI safety, focusing on frontier AI risks including misuse for weapons of mass destruction and disinformation.
US Executive Order on AI (October 2023): Directed agencies to assess AI safety, watermarking, and national security implications; included provisions for DoD to adopt AI responsibly.
EU AI Act (2024): World's first comprehensive AI regulation — classifies AI applications into risk categories; "prohibited" uses include social scoring and "real-time" biometric surveillance in public spaces; "high-risk" uses (including military) require transparency and human oversight.
India's approach: India has favoured a "risk-based, principle-led" approach without binding legislation; the National AI Strategy (AIRAWAT compute cluster, IndiaAI Mission) focuses on capability building, not primarily on restrictions. India's AI governance is through advisories — MeitY's "responsible AI" framework (draft).
OECD AI Principles (2019): Five principles — inclusive growth, human-centred values, transparency, robustness/security, accountability — adopted by 42+ countries including India.
UN General Assembly Resolution on AI (March 2024): First UNGA resolution on AI — calls for safe, secure, trustworthy AI; promoted by the US; India co-sponsored.