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Polity & Governance GS 2 In the news 12 times

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

PVTGs are the most vulnerable sub-category of Scheduled Tribes, identified by the government as requiring special protection and development attention due to their extremely small and declining (or stagnant) populations and pre-agricultural existence.

Key details
  • India has 75 notified PVTGs spread across 18 states and 1 Union Territory (Andaman & Nicobar Islands)
  • Andaman and Nicobar PVTGs include: Shompens (Great Nicobar), Onge (Little Andaman), Jarawa (South Andaman), Sentinelese (North Sentinel Island), Andamanese
  • Criteria for PVTG identification (Dhebar Commission / Shilu Ao Committee refinements from Lokur framework):
  • Declining or stagnant population
  • Pre-agricultural level of technology (hunting-gathering, shifting cultivation)
  • Very low literacy
  • No written language
  • Economic and social backwardness
  • The Shompens are strictly protected; outsider contact is prohibited to prevent disease transmission (they lack immunity to common infections)
  • The Nicobarese are a Scheduled Tribe but not a PVTG — they have a more settled existence with monetary economy and tribal council governance
In the news

Tracked since February 25, 2026 · last seen July 22, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

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