IEEPA
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (1977)
The International Emergency Economic Powers Act was enacted by the US Congress in 1977 to grant the President authority to regulate international commerce in response to an "unusual and extraordinary threat" to national security, foreign policy, or the economy. It was historically used for financial sanctions, not tariffs.
- Enacted: 1977, as a reform of the Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917
- Presidential powers under IEEPA: Investigate, regulate, or prohibit any transactions in foreign exchange; block foreign-owned property; impose sanctions on foreign persons and entities
- Historical use: Primarily for economic sanctions (Iran 1979, Russia 2014, North Korea, Venezuela); never previously used to impose tariffs
- Trump's application: Declared trade deficits as a national emergency to impose tariffs on imports; first time IEEPA was used for tariff imposition
- Supreme Court ruling (February 20, 2026): 6-3 decision; held IEEPA does not authorise tariffs; Justices Thomas, Kavanaugh, and Alito dissented
- Revenue collected under IEEPA tariffs before invalidation: over $130 billion
● Tracked since February 07, 2026 · last seen April 15, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
15 Apr '26
US Tariff Regime in Flux: Supreme Court Ruling, IEEPA, and the Path to Restoration
Economics
20 Feb '26
US Supreme Court Strikes Down Trump's Global Tariffs Imposed Under IEEPA
International Relations
24 Feb '26
US Supreme Court Strikes Down IEEPA Tariffs: What the Ruling Means and Who Gets Refunds
Economics
International Relations
India-US Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA)
International Relations
Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974
International Relations
India-US Trade Relations
International Relations
India's Trade Policy Framework
International Relations
Balance of Payments (BoP)
International Relations
US Trade Law Architecture
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