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Polity & Governance GS 2 In the news 5 times

Competition Commission of India (CCI)

Institutional Role and Powers

The Competition Commission of India (CCI) was established under the Competition Act, 2002 and became operational in 2009. It is a statutory body under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, functioning as India's national antitrust regulator. It investigates anti-competitive agreements (Section 3), abuse of dominant position (Section 4), and reviews combinations (mergers and acquisitions) above specified thresholds (Section 5).

Key details
  • CCI composition: Chairperson and up to 6 Members, appointed by the Central Government; terms of 5 years with no re-appointment.
  • The Director General (DG) of CCI is the investigative arm — when CCI passes a prima facie order under Section 26(1), the DG conducts the detailed investigation.
  • CCI orders are appealable to the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) and further to the Supreme Court.
  • Notable past CCI actions: Probe into Google India for abuse of dominance in search and Android ecosystem (orders in 2022-23 imposing ₹1,337 crore penalty); probe into Amazon and Flipkart for preferential treatment to select sellers; investigation into MakeMyTrip and Goibibo for exclusive contracts with hotels.
  • The Competition (Amendment) Act, 2023 made significant changes: reduced merger review timelines, introduced "deal value" threshold for M&A notifications, and strengthened settlement and commitment provisions.
In the news

Tracked since February 04, 2026 · last seen May 20, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

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