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Environment & Ecology GS 3 In the news 13 times

Wildlife Protection Act, 1972

Transformation of Conservation Approach

The Wildlife Protection Act (WLPA), 1972 was the first comprehensive legislation for wildlife conservation in independent India. It established a legal framework for the protection of wild animals, birds, and plants and created a system of protected areas. The Act was amended significantly in 1991, 2002, and 2006, with the 2006 amendment introducing Chapter IV-B on tiger conservation.

Key details
  • Provides for five categories of protected areas: National Parks (Section 35), Wildlife Sanctuaries (Section 18), Conservation Reserves (Section 36A), Community Reserves (Section 36C), and Tiger Reserves (Chapter IV-B)
  • Schedules I through VI classify species by protection level — Schedule I species have the highest protection
  • Established the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) under Section 5A (chaired by the Prime Minister)
  • National Wildlife Action Plan first adopted in 1983, revised in 2002 and 2017
  • The Act replaced a patchwork of colonial and post-colonial provincial laws, including acts like the Nilgiris Game and Fish Preservation Act of 1879
In the news

Tracked since February 11, 2026 · last seen July 05, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

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