Universal Immunization Programme (UIP)
Architecture and Governance
India's Universal Immunization Programme is one of the largest public health initiatives in the world, covering approximately 26 million newborns and 30 million pregnant women annually. It is administered under the National Health Mission (NHM).
- UIP launched: 1985 (as part of the Expanded Programme on Immunization, which started in 1978); made universal in 1990
- Nodal ministry: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW)
- Implementing framework: National Health Mission (NHM), established under the National Rural Health Mission (2005), expanded to urban areas in 2013
- Vaccines under UIP (current): BCG, Hepatitis B, Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV), Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV), Pentavalent (DTP+HepB+Hib), Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV), Rotavirus vaccine, Measles-Rubella (MR), Japanese Encephalitis (in endemic districts), Td (now replacing TT for adolescents and pregnant women)
- Mission Indradhanush (2014): Intensified immunisation drive targeting zero-dose and low-coverage children; Mission Indradhanush 4.0 (2022-23) extended coverage
- India's immunisation coverage: Full immunisation rate approximately 76% (NFHS-5, 2019-21) — still below 90% target
● Tracked since February 21, 2026 · last seen February 28, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
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