PCPNDT Act, 1994
Provisions and Penalties
The Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, 1994 (PCPNDT Act) was enacted to prohibit sex selection before or after conception and to regulate the use of pre-natal diagnostic techniques. Originally enacted as the PNDT Act, 1994, it was amended in 2003 to expand its scope to include pre-conception sex selection as well.
- The Act bans communication of the sex of the foetus by any means — words, signs, or otherwise.
- All genetic laboratories, genetic clinics, ultrasound clinics, and imaging centres must be compulsorily registered under the Act.
- Violations attract imprisonment of up to 3 years and a fine of up to ₹10,000 for the first offence; up to 5 years and ₹50,000 for subsequent offences.
- The Act creates a multi-tier regulatory structure: National Supervisory Board (at Centre), State/UT Supervisory Boards, and Appropriate Authorities at district level.
- Appropriate Authorities have quasi-judicial powers: they can search, seize, and seal unregistered facilities.
● Tracked since March 09, 2026 · last seen August 25, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
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