Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and Iran's Obligations
The NPT, opened for signature in 1968 and entering into force in 1970, is the cornerstone of the global nuclear non-proliferation regime. It has 191 state parties, making it the most widely adhered-to arms control treaty. Iran is a signatory and ratified the NPT in 1970. Under Article II, non-nuclear weapon states like Iran commit not to acquire nuclear weapons. Article III requires non-nuclear states to accept IAEA safeguards on all nuclear material.
- NPT entered into force: March 5, 1970; 191 state parties
- Three pillars: non-proliferation (Articles I-III), disarmament (Article VI), peaceful use of nuclear energy (Article IV)
- Four UN member states have never signed: India, Israel, Pakistan, and South Sudan
- India's position: considers the NPT discriminatory as it creates a two-tier system of "nuclear haves" and "have-nots"
- IAEA safeguards system under NPT verifies compliance through inspections
- Iran remains an NPT signatory but has been found in non-compliance with safeguards obligations
● Tracked since February 08, 2026 · last seen June 16, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
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