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Polity & Governance GS 2 In the news 3 times

North-South Divide in Delimitation

A major substantive concern about delimitation based on the 2011 Census (and more so on any post-2027 census) is the disproportionate impact on southern states. States like Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana successfully implemented population control policies and have achieved replacement-level fertility rates. Northern states, particularly Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Rajasthan, have significantly higher populations. A seat reallocation proportional to current population would therefore increase northern state representation at the cost of southern states.

Key details
  • In the current 543-seat Lok Sabha, southern states hold approximately 130 seats; proportional reallocation would reduce this share
  • The 15th Finance Commission addressed this by using 2011 population data for devolution, not 2021 projections
  • Some proposals suggest a "hold harmless" formula ensuring no state loses seats in absolute terms while gains are distributed proportionally
  • Under the proposed 816-seat Lok Sabha, northern states would gain more seats than southern states
  • This has significant implications for federal representation, tax devolution formulas, and policy prioritisation
In the news

Tracked since April 13, 2026 · last seen April 19, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

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