← Concept Library · Polity & Governance
Polity & Governance GS 2 In the news 3 times

NCLT and NCLAT

Role in IBC Ecosystem

The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) is a quasi-judicial body established under the Companies Act, 2013, which also serves as the adjudicating authority for IBC proceedings.

Key details
  • NCLT benches: 16 principal benches across India (including Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Ahmedabad, Chandigarh, etc.).
  • NCLT handles: CIRP admissions, approval of resolution plans, liquidation orders, Section 29A disqualifications (barring promoters from bidding for their own stressed companies).
  • NCLAT (National Company Law Appellate Tribunal): Appellate body for NCLT decisions; further appeals lie with the Supreme Court.
  • Key bottleneck: NCLT has chronic backlog — as of 2025, over 13,000+ pending cases. Average resolution time has exceeded the 330-day outer limit in many high-value cases.
  • IBC amendment 2021: Introduced pre-packaged insolvency for MSMEs (faster out-of-court resolution with minimum court intervention).
  • Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI): Regulator for insolvency professionals, information utilities, and insolvency professional agencies; established under IBC 2016.
In the news

Tracked since March 09, 2026 · last seen May 21, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

Related concepts
See it in today’s brief. Daily current affairs with every static concept explained in place.
Read the daily brief