Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the Paris Agreement
The Paris Agreement (COP21, 2015) is a legally binding international climate treaty requiring each signatory to submit Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) — national plans for reducing emissions and adapting to climate change. NDCs are meant to become progressively more ambitious over time.
- Paris Agreement Article 2 sets a long-term temperature limit of well below 2°C, with efforts to limit warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
- India's updated NDC (August 2022) targets: (i) reduce GDP emissions intensity by 45% from 2005 levels by 2030; (ii) achieve 50% cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel sources by 2030.
- As of 2026, 90% of NDCs that include active mobility commitments feature a visible budget for implementation; however, 12 countries have removed walking and/or cycling commitments from their revised NDCs, weakening ambition in the transport sector.
- The NDC Partnership's PATH (Practical Action for Transport and Health) Active Travel NDC Template supports countries in mainstreaming active mobility into climate plans.
● Tracked since March 11, 2026 · last seen April 07, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
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