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Iran's Nuclear Programme

Current Status and Breakout Capability

Iran's nuclear programme has advanced significantly since the collapse of the JCPOA. Iran is currently enriching uranium to 60% — far beyond the 3.67% permitted under the deal and approaching the 90% weapons-grade threshold. The IAEA has reported that Iran possesses enough 60% enriched uranium to produce material for multiple nuclear weapons with minimal further processing. In June 2025, the IAEA Board of Governors formally found Iran non-compliant with its safeguards obligations for the first time since 2005.

Key details
  • Iran's enrichment level: 60% (weapons-grade is 90%); JCPOA limit was 3.67%
  • Breakout time estimate (as of May 2025 DIA assessment): less than one week for enough HEU for five weapons; under two weeks for eight weapons
  • Key facilities: Natanz (main enrichment), Fordow (underground enrichment near Qom), Isfahan (conversion), and Arak (heavy water reactor)
  • Operation Midnight Hammer (June 22, 2025): US airstrikes on Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan using B-2 bombers and GBU-57 bunker-buster bombs; Pentagon assessed Iran's programme was set back approximately 2 years
  • The Iran-Israel war began June 13, 2025, with Israeli strikes; ceasefire on June 24, 2025
  • The February 2026 Oman talks seek commitments on enrichment limits, ballistic missiles, and regional proxy activities
In the news

Tracked since February 12, 2026 · last seen June 21, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

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