India's GDP Measurement
Base Year Revision and Methodology Debate
India's GDP is measured by the Central Statistics Office (CSO), now under the National Statistical Office (NSO), using the System of National Accounts (SNA) methodology. The current base year is 2011-12. The base year revision to 2022-23 — underway in 2025-26 — will update the "price weights" in the index, incorporate new data sources (like GSTN, MCA-21 corporate database), and potentially revise India's growth estimates substantially. Historically, such revisions have triggered controversy: the 2015 revision to 2011-12 raised India's GDP growth rate significantly and was criticised by some economists.
- NSO is under MoSPI (Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation).
- India uses the Expenditure Method (C + I + G + NX), Production Method, and Income Method; official estimates primarily use the production/expenditure approach.
- GDP at Constant Prices (real GDP) uses a fixed base year to strip out inflation effects.
- Base year revisions update relative prices and sectoral coverage — major changes were seen in the 2015 revision (MCA-21 data inclusion nearly doubled the corporate sector's measured size).
- IMF and World Bank encourage regular base year updates (every 5 years) for accuracy.
● Tracked since March 07, 2026 · last seen June 07, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
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