India's Energy Security Architecture and Import Dependence
Energy security refers to the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price. India imports approximately 60% of its LPG requirements, with over 90% of those imports routed through the Strait of Hormuz — a narrow waterway between Iran and Oman and a global chokepoint. India's domestic LPG production is approximately 12.79 million tonnes annually against total consumption of about 31.32 million tonnes (2024-25), leaving a structural import gap. Energy security is listed under GS Paper 3 (Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways), and questions frequently probe India's dependence on Gulf imports, strategic petroleum reserves, and pipeline connectivity.
- LPG domestic production: ~12.79 MT/year (approx. 40% of consumption)
- LPG total consumption: ~31.32 MT/year (2024-25)
- Import dependence: ~60% of consumption; ~90% of imports transit the Strait of Hormuz
- Monthly LPG consumption: approximately 2,700 thousand metric tonnes (TMT)
- Domestic production monthly: approximately 1,036 TMT
- Strategic petroleum reserve sites: Visakhapatnam, Mangaluru, and Padur (for crude oil); underground LPG storage at Mangaluru and Visakhapatnam being fast-tracked
● Tracked since March 10, 2026 · last seen May 18, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes