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International Relations GS 2 In the news 6 times

India-China Trade Relations

India and China share one of the world's most asymmetric major bilateral trade relationships, characterized by significant Indian import dependence on Chinese manufactured goods and a persistently large trade deficit.

Key details
  • India's trade deficit with China reached a record $99.2 billion in fiscal year 2024–25, up from $44 billion in FY2020–21 — more than doubling in four years.
  • Total bilateral trade in 2024–25 was approximately $127.7 billion; China was India's second-largest trading partner overall.
  • India imports primarily machinery, electronics, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), chemicals, and lithium-ion batteries from China.
  • India exports iron ore, specialty chemicals, and organic compounds to China — commodities rather than value-added goods.
  • Despite military tensions at the Line of Actual Control (LAC) post-2020 Galwan clashes, trade has continued to grow, illustrating the structural dependency.
In the news

Tracked since March 03, 2026 · last seen June 15, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

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