Green Ammonia
Technology and Transition Pathway
Conventional ammonia (Haber-Bosch process) is produced using natural gas (steam methane reforming) or coal gasification as feedstock — making ammonia production a major source of CO2 emissions (approximately 1.8% of global CO2). Green ammonia replaces fossil fuel-derived hydrogen with green hydrogen (produced by electrolysis of water using renewable electricity), combined with nitrogen from air separation. The resulting ammonia can be used directly as fertiliser or converted to urea. Green ammonia is currently 2–3x more expensive than conventional ammonia, but costs are projected to decline as renewable energy and electrolyser costs fall.
- Green hydrogen cost target (India's National Green Hydrogen Mission, 2023): below $1/kg by 2030
- SECI (Solar Energy Corporation of India): conducting green ammonia auctions under the SIGHT (Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition) programme; pooled demand up to 7.24 lakh tonnes/year across 13 fertiliser plants
- First green ammonia supply deal: 75,000 tonnes to Paradeep Phosphates, Odisha
- India's total ammonia imports: approximately 2–3 MT annually; green ammonia could substitute a portion
● Tracked since March 13, 2026 · last seen April 13, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes