Disaster Management Framework in India
India's disaster management institutional architecture was substantially reformed after the 2004 tsunami. The Disaster Management Act, 2005, established a three-tier structure: the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) chaired by the Prime Minister, State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs), and District Disaster Management Authorities (DDMAs).
- NDMA formulated Tsunami Risk Management Guidelines outlining inter-agency roles, risk preparedness, mitigation, and response strategies.
- The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) was constituted under the DM Act, 2005, as a specialised force for disaster response.
- India's disaster preparedness aligns with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030), adopted at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction. The Sendai Framework sets seven global targets and four priorities: understanding disaster risk, strengthening governance, investing in resilience, and enhancing preparedness for effective response.
- The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are located along the boundary of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates, making them highly vulnerable to earthquakes and tsunamis. The 2004 earthquake epicentre was near Simeulue Island, approximately 160 km west of Sumatra, but the resulting tsunami devastated the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
● Tracked since February 09, 2026 · last seen June 23, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
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