UN Security Council Resolution 1701 (2006)
UNSCR 1701 was unanimously adopted on August 11, 2006, to end the 34-day war between Israel and Hezbollah. It called for a full cessation of hostilities, the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanon, the disarmament of Hezbollah and other non-state armed groups in southern Lebanon, and the expansion of UNIFIL (United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon) to a maximum of 15,000 troops. The resolution created a "Blue Line" buffer zone — the area between the Blue Line (Israel-Lebanon border, drawn by the UN in 2000) and the Litani River was to be free of all armed personnel except the Lebanese Army and UNIFIL. In practice, neither Hezbollah's disarmament nor its withdrawal north of the Litani was ever implemented.
- UNSCR 1701 adopted: August 11, 2006 (unanimous, all 15 Security Council members)
- Trigger: 2006 Lebanon War (Hezbollah's July 12 cross-border attack and abduction of Israeli soldiers)
- Blue Line: UN-demarcated boundary between Israel and Lebanon (2000); not a formal international border
- Litani River: approximately 12 miles (20 km) north of the Blue Line at closest point
- UNIFIL (UN Interim Force in Lebanon): established 1978 (UNSCR 425); expanded by UNSCR 1701 to 15,000 troops
- UNIFIL TCCs (troop-contributing countries) include India, France, Italy, Spain, Indonesia
- India's UNIFIL contribution: one of the largest; ~900 troops; India has contributed since 1998
- Resolution mandated "area free of armed personnel" between Blue Line and Litani — never implemented for Hezbollah
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