Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad)
The Quad is an informal strategic grouping comprising India, the United States, Japan, and Australia. It is not a formal treaty alliance but a minilateral forum aimed at promoting a Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP) — a rules-based order in the Indo-Pacific region. It was first formed in 2007 on the sidelines of the ASEAN Regional Forum in Manila, became dormant in 2008 following Australia's withdrawal, and was revived in 2017 at the ASEAN Summits in Manila.
- 2007: First Quad meeting initiated by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe with support from Australia, India, and the US.
- 2008: Quad went dormant after Australia withdrew under Prime Minister Kevin Rudd.
- 2017: Quad revived at ASEAN Summit in Manila by all four countries.
- 2021: Quad elevated to Leaders' Summit level for the first time (virtual, March 2021).
- The Quad covers maritime security, critical and emerging technologies, health, infrastructure, climate, and cybersecurity.
- Milestones include the Indo-Pacific Partnership for Maritime Domain Awareness (IPMDA), Quad Cancer Moonshot, and Indo-Pacific Logistics Network pilot.
● Tracked since April 21, 2026 · last seen July 04, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
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