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International Relations GS 2 In the news 3 times

India-Japan 2+2 Ministerial Dialogue

The 2+2 Ministerial Dialogue format involves the Foreign Ministers and Defence Ministers of both countries meeting together. It is a mechanism to coordinate security, defence, and foreign policy at the highest ministerial level. India inaugurated this format with Japan in November 2019, only the second country (after the US) with which India holds such a dialogue.

Key details
  • First India-Japan 2+2: November 2019, New Delhi
  • Second 2+2: September 2022, Tokyo
  • Third 2+2: August 2024
  • Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreement (ACSA) signed in 2020 enables logistical support between defence forces
  • Joint military exercises: Dharma Guardian (Army), JIMEX (Navy), Shinyuu Maitri (Air Force), Malabar (quadrilateral naval exercise with US and Australia)
In the news

Tracked since June 30, 2026 · last seen August 19, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes

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