Climate-Smart Agriculture
Concept and India's Initiatives
Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an approach that guides the transformation of agricultural systems to support food security under climate change. The concept was introduced by the FAO in 2010.
- CSA has three objectives: sustainably increase agricultural productivity and incomes; adapt and build resilience of food systems to climate change; and reduce or remove greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture.
- Agriculture contributes approximately 18–20% of India's total GHG emissions (including livestock, rice cultivation, and synthetic fertilisers).
- India's key CSA-related programmes: Per Drop More Crop (micro-irrigation under PMKSY), Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY), National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA), and the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).
- Natural farming and zero-budget natural farming (ZBNF) — championed at the national level — is positioned as a CSA approach that reduces input dependency and chemical use.
- Digital agriculture tools (precision farming, drone-based spraying, satellite crop monitoring under the Digital Agriculture Mission) are India's current CSA frontier.
● Tracked since May 04, 2026 · last seen June 12, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
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