Climate-Smart Agriculture
Concept and International Frameworks
Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an approach developed by FAO (2010) that aims to achieve three objectives simultaneously: sustainably increasing agricultural productivity; adapting and building resilience to climate change; and reducing or removing greenhouse gas emissions where possible. It includes practices such as conservation tillage, agroforestry, drought-tolerant crop varieties, precision irrigation, and digital advisory services.
- FAO introduced CSA concept in 2010 ahead of COP16; it gained formal international recognition through the Paris Agreement (2015) and subsequent COP decisions
- India's National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC, 2008) includes the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) as one of eight national missions
- India's updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC, August 2022): 45% reduction in emissions intensity of GDP by 2030 (from 2005 levels); 50% cumulative electric power from non-fossil sources by 2030
- Digital Public Infrastructure for agriculture: India Stack's integration with PM-KISAN, soil health cards, Kisan Suvidha app, and the Agri Stack digital database of farmers
- BRICS CSA cooperation includes knowledge-sharing on drought-resistant crop varieties (important for Ethiopia, South Africa) and precision agriculture technology (China, India as potential exporters of digital agri-tools)
● Tracked since May 04, 2026 · last seen June 12, 2026 · updates as the daily brief publishes
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