Modern History
Freedom struggle, post-independence events and historical developments
The Vande Mataram Movement in Hyderabad State and Its Place in the Freedom Struggle
A historical account revisits the 1938 Vande Mataram Movement in Hyderabad State, when the Nizam's government banned the singing of Vande Mataram in public...
Siddhavatam Fort: A Vijayanagara-Era Riverine Stronghold on the Penna
A heritage feature documented the history and architecture of Siddhavatam Fort, located on the left bank of the Penna River between the Palakonda and...
The Mountbatten Plan and the Road to the 1947 Partition
The Mountbatten Plan, announced on 3 June 1947 (also called the 'June 3 Plan'), set out the mechanism by which British India would be partitioned into the...
Sugauli Treaty's Original Document Untraceable: Implications for the Nepal-India Border Dispute
Nepal's Foreign Minister told the House of Representatives that the government holds records relating to the 1816 Treaty of Sugauli but cannot confirm...
Article 370: The 1963 Parliament Debate and the Constitutional Path to Its 2019 Abrogation
A televised historical review revisited the Parliament debate of November 27, 1963, in which then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru described Article 370's...
Vande Mataram Bill 2026: Extending the National Honour Act to the National Song
The Prevention of Insults to National Honour (Amendment) Bill, 2026 — popularly termed the 'Vande Mataram Bill' — was passed by Parliament, extending...
How India Recaptured the Kargil Heights: Terrain, Climate and Post-War Reform
Kargil Vijay Diwas commemorates India's recapture of high-altitude posts in the Dras-Kargil-Batalik sector of Ladakh, seized by infiltrating Pakistani...
Hunger Strikes in Indian Political History: Satyagraha as a Method of Protest
A recent report traced the history of fasts undertaken by individuals across independent India to press specific political or policy demands, situating a...
Vande Mataram Bill Seeks Parity with National Anthem Under National Honour Law
A Bill was listed for introduction in the Rajya Sabha during the Monsoon Session to amend the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971, making...
Constituent Assembly Debates on Citizenship: Religion, Birth and Refugees
A recent explainer revisited the Constituent Assembly's debates (1947–1949) on how India should define citizenship 'at the commencement of the...
Allahabad High Court Allows Mathura Temple-Mosque Suits to Proceed to Trial
The Allahabad High Court dismissed a petition filed under Order VII Rule 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC), 1908, seeking rejection of 18 civil suits...
Assam's Citizenship Question: From Ambedkar's Constituent Assembly to the 2026 Supreme Court Ruling
The Supreme Court set aside Gauhati High Court judgments that had upheld Foreigners Tribunal orders declaring 27 residents of Assam to be foreigners, and...
Ayodhya Title Dispute Verdict: Article 142, the Places of Worship Act, and the Doctrine of Complete Justice
The Supreme Court delivered its verdict in the long-pending Ayodhya title dispute, ruling that the disputed 2.77-acre site be handed over for the...
The Simla Agreement (1972): Terms, Legacy, and Contemporary Relevance
The Simla Agreement of 1972, signed exactly 54 years ago on 2 July 1972, is being revisited in the context of renewed India-Pakistan tensions and Pakistan's...
NCERT Class 9 Textbook Revision: Preamble Retained, Emergency Chapter Added Under NCF 2023
Reports circulated that the Preamble to the Constitution and the words 'Secular' and 'Socialist' had been dropped from the newly revised NCERT Class 9...
India's 1975 Emergency: From Economic Shock to Constitutional Crisis
Fifty years ago, on 25 June 1975, an internal Emergency was proclaimed under Article 352 of the Constitution — the only time in independent India that...
Battle of Plassey (1757): The Decisive Turn that Established British Colonial Power in India
The 269th anniversary of the Battle of Plassey falls on June 23, 2026 — the battle was fought on 23 June 1757 in Palashi village (present-day West Bengal)...
India's Left-Wing Extremism Eradication: Institutional Strategy and Constitutional Framework
The Ministry of Home Affairs officially communicated to states that no district in the country remains classified as Left-Wing Extremism (LWE)-affected...
Allahabad High Court's 1975 Verdict Against Indira Gandhi: Election Law, Emergency, and the Basic Structure Doctrine
On June 12, 1975, Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha of the Allahabad High Court declared the election of the then Prime Minister from the Rae Bareli constituency...
Mountbatten's Accelerated Partition: Why the 10-Month Rush Changed India's Destiny
The original British plan, set by Prime Minister Clement Attlee, mandated transfer of power to Indian hands no later than June 1948 — giving over a year for...